Reference architecture

A reference architecture provides a structured and shared framework that defines how systems, services, and components should be designed and interact within a given domain. It does not prescribe a single implementation, but instead offers reusable building blocks to ensure consistency, interoperability, and scalability across different solutions and contexts.

Within this work, the reference architecture serves as a common foundation for enabling cross-border healthcare interoperability in the Caribbean. It helps stakeholders align on concepts, standards, and design approaches while allowing flexibility for local implementation.

This section is organised into several parts. The Terminology section establishes a shared language to ensure consistent understanding across stakeholders. The Services section describes the different service layers and their roles within the architecture. The Building Blocks section defines the modular capabilities that realise these services. Architecture Decision Records document key design choices and their rationale, while Related Initiatives provide context by linking CHIA to existing efforts and frameworks.